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Chrysomyxa weirii
''Chrysomyxa weirii'', commonly known as Weir’s cushion rust, is a disease of spruce trees. It is mostly a cosmetic problem, causing yellowish spotting and banding on spruce needles, but in some cases can cause severe premature defoliation.〔“Weir’s Cushion Rust or Spruce Needle Rust”, Cornell University, 2013 http://www.plantpath.cornell.edu/Trees/WeirCshRust.html〕 Weir’s cushion rust can also disfigure and reduce growth of spruce trees by targeting the tender needles of newly emerging shoots.〔Stanosz, Glen, Chrysomyxa weirii on Colorado Blue Spruce in Wisconsin, Plant Disease. 86: 1051.3, September 2002〕 This disease is spread by wind and water splash and can further infect the spruce it currently resides on, or a neighboring spruce.〔Stanosz, Glen R., “Weir’s Cushion Rust of Spruces”, University of Wisconsin-Extension, April 25, 2004〕 Unlike other rust diseases, ''C. weirii'' is autoecious, only infecting spruce trees.〔D.S. Abrahamson, “Needle Weights as a Measure of Infection by Uredinopsis mirabilis and Chrysomyxa weirii”, Plant Disease, Vol. 71, No. 3 (1987), pp. 270-271, 1987〕 ''C. weirii'' is also microcyclic, producing only two of the five possible spore stages common in rust fungi.〔Carne, Patricia E., Hiratsuka, Yasuyuki, and Currah, Randolph S., “Reproductive Biology and Evidence for Water Dispersal of Teliospoers in Chrysomyxa weirii”, Mycologia, Vol. 92, No. 4 (2000) pp. 754-763, 2000〕 Trees affected by Weir’s cushion rust usually have obvious symptoms, but if treated correctly, the disease can be managed.
==Importance==
Weir’s cushion rust is important to consumers, homeowners, and commercial growers. Consumers are recommended to inspect spruce trees for this disease prior to purchase to prevent introduction of the fungus into a location that is void of the disease. Homeowners with spruce trees should inspect their tree(s) in late summer and early spring for symptoms of Weir’s cushion rust, and, if found, treat the disease before it can spread to additional spruce trees.〔 Weir’s cushion rust can be a significant problem in commercial nurseries, such as those that grow Christmas trees.〔 The ''C. weirii'' fungus survives by infecting young needles, causing reduced growth and disfiguration. In an industry where the quality of tree foliage is paramount, the effects of this disease can prove very detrimental. If a Christmas tree farm shows incidence of this disease, it could adversely affect their sales in both the short and long-term if not adequately addressed, as the disease can persist for years if left unchecked.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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